Jair Bolsonaro has been taken into custody after authorities found he posed a serious risk of fleeing while under domestic detention.
The former head of state was convicted of orchestrating a armed takeover in last fall and handed more than 27 years in incarceration, but he continued under home detention pending appeals.
Brazilian Supreme Court Justice the presiding justice said the move to detain the elderly politician was a safety action after "new facts" came to light.
This involved attempting to break his ankle monitor and a summons to a public vigil that could "allow for a possible escape.
In a filing authorising the arrest, the magistrate said intelligence from the unit overseeing his home detention suggested the one-time head of state's plan to remove the electronic ankle bracelet to ensure success in his flight.
This, it said, would be "facilitated by the confusion caused by the demonstration called by his offspring.
His son, Flávio Bolsonaro, who holds office as a legislator, called for a assembly of his backers near Bolsonaro's home to take place on Saturday evening.
His son wrote on online platforms on last Friday: "Are you going to fight for your nation, or watch it all from your phone there on your sofa? I call on you to fight with us."
He said the demonstration would be so supporters could seek divine intervention for his physical condition and for the reestablishment of democratic governance in our country."
Part of the judge's determination was the potential of his "relocation to diplomatic missions near the dwelling, considering that the inquiries revealed a record of organizing to seek refuge through a diplomatic representation", a announcement said.
The judicial paperwork highlights that the US embassy in the capital, Brazil's capital, is positioned around 13km from his dwelling.
His judicial problems have provoked anger from fellow populist conservative American leader Trump, prompting him to implement a 50% tariff on imports of Brazilian goods.
The former president is being detained in a federal law enforcement building in Brazil's capital city and will experience a imprisonment assessment on the following day.
It was only on Friday that the ex-leader's attorneys asked the Top Court to authorize him to fulfill his full incarceration period under home confinement, with electronic monitoring.
They also petitioned that he be allowed to depart his residence for healthcare, saying he demanded frequent medical attention for lung conditions and other ailments.
The former president was determined responsible of heading a conspiracy aimed at keeping him in power after he was defeated in the 2022 election to his ideological adversary, President Lula.
Top judicial officials said that he knew of a plan which included plans to murder the current president and his VP candidate, Geraldo Alckmin, and to arrest and execute Alexandre de Moraes - the High Court judge who has been overseeing his judicial proceedings.
The conspiracy was prevented because it couldn't obtain the support of the armed forces officials. The current president was took office without issue on the first day of 2023.
But a following week, on January 8th, many his followers invaded and destroyed official structures in the capital, the capital city.
The security forces took action and around 1,500 people were taken into custody.
The justices found that the rioters had been provoked by the former president whose strategy, they said, was for the Brazilian military to step in, restore order and return him to office.
At the time, the legal team called the decades-long sentence "absurdly excessive.
He was also barred from seeking elected position until 2060 - eight years later after the completion of his term.
The one-time head of state called the court case a targeted investigation" and said it was designed to prevent him competing in the 2026 national vote.
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